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Stephen Hopgood
Stephen Hopgood (born 1965) is Professor of International Relations at the SOAS, University of London. He is also the Co-Director of the (Centre for the International Politics of Conflict, Rights and Justice ) and Associate Dean for Research in the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences. His most recent book is ''(The Endtimes of Human Rights )'' (2013) in which he argues that declining Western power will undermine the prospects for global human rights. His 2006 book, ''Keepers of the Flame: Understanding Amnesty International'', is the first ethnographic account of a global human rights NGO and received the Best Book in Human Rights award from the American Political Science Association.〔American Political Science Association (2011). (Best Book on Human Rights winners )〕 Hopgood is currently working on an edited collection with (Jack Snyder ) and (Leslie Vinjamuri ) titled ''Human Rights Futures''. From 2002-2004, he was a Social Science Research Council Fellow in Global Security and Cooperation and from 2009-2012 he held a Major Research Fellowship from the Leverhulme Trust. Hopgood is also a regular contributor to the online discussion forum ''(openGlobalRights )''.
== The Endtimes of Human Rights ==
In ''(The Endtimes of Human Rights )'', Hopgood argues that the highpoint of human rights coincided with the dominance of American power after the 1970s once decline had set in for the Soviet Union. In the 1990s the end of the Cold War opened up a window of opportunity for all manner of human rights advocates to push for the implementation of international law and the creation of global courts to deliver justice for mass atrocities. But this opening was just a brief hiatus in power politics as usual. The United States has been notoriously uninterested in human rights except as a foreign policy tool. It has avoided most human rights treaties or signed them with reservations that nullify their intent. It has refused to join the International Criminal Court and through some creative legal analysis even practiced torture during the early years of the global war on terror. Now that the power of the United States to do positive good when it does choose to act is waning, its strategy of creating allies to contain a rising China dominating its long-term foreign policy. It is now even less likely than before to put human rights first in regions like South East Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. This will quickly erode the influence of human rights advocates by undermining the Western political power on which in truth most of their proclaimed achievements rely.
The relative decline of American power has been accompanied by the absolute decline of European power, Hopgood argues. The increasing political influence of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and the MINT countries (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey) means more states wanting a say over who decides global rules and what those rules should say. These newly empowered states will challenge the authority claims of previously dominant powers in areas like global justice and humanitarian intervention. The BRICS and MINT countries will both challenge this system and seek similar sovereign prerogatives for themselves. Either way the outlook is uncertain for further extension of the global human rights regime.
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